第26章 - 简易银行系统

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;

// 交易记录
struct Transaction {
    string type;
    double amount;
    string time;
    
    void display() {
        cout << time << " | " << type << " | ¥" << amount << endl;
    }
};

// 账户基类
class Account {
protected:
    string accountNumber;
    string ownerName;
    double balance;
    vector<Transaction> transactions;
    
public:
    Account(string accNum, string name, double initialBalance = 0)
        : accountNumber(accNum), ownerName(name), balance(initialBalance) {}
    
    virtual ~Account() {}
    
    string getAccountNumber() { return accountNumber; }
    string getOwnerName() { return ownerName; }
    double getBalance() { return balance; }
    
    // 存款
    virtual void deposit(double amount) {
        if (amount <= 0) {
            cout << "✗ 存款金额必须大于0！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        balance += amount;
        addTransaction("存款", amount);
        cout << "✓ 存款成功！当前余额：¥" << balance << endl;
    }
    
    // 取款
    virtual void withdraw(double amount) {
        if (amount <= 0) {
            cout << "✗ 取款金额必须大于0！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        if (amount > balance) {
            cout << "✗ 余额不足！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        balance -= amount;
        addTransaction("取款", amount);
        cout << "✓ 取款成功！当前余额：¥" << balance << endl;
    }
    
    // 转账
    virtual bool transfer(Account* target, double amount) {
        if (amount <= 0) {
            cout << "✗ 转账金额必须大于0！" << endl;
            return false;
        }
        
        if (amount > balance) {
            cout << "✗ 余额不足！" << endl;
            return false;
        }
        
        balance -= amount;
        target->balance += amount;
        
        addTransaction("转出至" + target->accountNumber, amount);
        target->addTransaction("转入自" + accountNumber, amount);
        
        cout << "✓ 转账成功！" << endl;
        return true;
    }
    
    // 显示账户信息
    virtual void display() {
        cout << "\n━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━" << endl;
        cout << "账号：   " << accountNumber << endl;
        cout << "户主：   " << ownerName << endl;
        cout << "余额：   ¥" << balance << endl;
        cout << "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━" << endl;
    }
    
    // 显示交易记录
    void showTransactions() {
        if (transactions.empty()) {
            cout << "\n暂无交易记录" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cout << "\n===== 交易记录 =====" << endl;
        for (auto& t : transactions) {
            t.display();
        }
    }
    
protected:
    void addTransaction(string type, double amount) {
        Transaction t;
        t.type = type;
        t.amount = amount;
        
        time_t now = time(0);
        t.time = ctime(&now);
        t.time.pop_back(); // 去掉换行符
        
        transactions.push_back(t);
    }
};

// 储蓄账户（有利息）
class SavingsAccount : public Account {
private:
    double interestRate;
    
public:
    SavingsAccount(string accNum, string name, double rate = 0.03)
        : Account(accNum, name), interestRate(rate) {}
    
    // 计算利息
    void addInterest() {
        double interest = balance * interestRate;
        balance += interest;
        addTransaction("利息", interest);
        cout << "✓ 已添加利息：¥" << interest << endl;
    }
    
    void display() override {
        Account::display();
        cout << "类型：   储蓄账户" << endl;
        cout << "利率：   " << interestRate * 100 << "%" << endl;
        cout << "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━" << endl;
    }
};

// 银行系统
class BankSystem {
private:
    vector<Account*> accounts;
    
public:
    ~BankSystem() {
        for (auto acc : accounts) {
            delete acc;
        }
    }
    
    // 创建账户
    void createAccount() {
        string accNum, name;
        int type;
        
        cout << "\n===== 创建账户 =====" << endl;
        cout << "账号：";
        cin >> accNum;
        
        // 检查账号是否存在
        if (findAccount(accNum) != nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账号已存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cin.ignore();
        cout << "户主：";
        getline(cin, name);
        
        cout << "账户类型 (1-储蓄账户)：";
        cin >> type;
        
        Account* acc = new SavingsAccount(accNum, name);
        accounts.push_back(acc);
        
        cout << "✓ 账户创建成功！" << endl;
    }
    
    // 存款
    void deposit() {
        string accNum;
        double amount;
        
        cout << "\n===== 存款 =====" << endl;
        cout << "账号：";
        cin >> accNum;
        
        Account* acc = findAccount(accNum);
        if (acc == nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账户不存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cout << "金额：";
        cin >> amount;
        
        acc->deposit(amount);
    }
    
    // 取款
    void withdraw() {
        string accNum;
        double amount;
        
        cout << "\n===== 取款 =====" << endl;
        cout << "账号：";
        cin >> accNum;
        
        Account* acc = findAccount(accNum);
        if (acc == nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账户不存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cout << "金额：";
        cin >> amount;
        
        acc->withdraw(amount);
    }
    
    // 转账
    void transfer() {
        string fromAccNum, toAccNum;
        double amount;
        
        cout << "\n===== 转账 =====" << endl;
        cout << "转出账号：";
        cin >> fromAccNum;
        cout << "转入账号：";
        cin >> toAccNum;
        
        Account* fromAcc = findAccount(fromAccNum);
        Account* toAcc = findAccount(toAccNum);
        
        if (fromAcc == nullptr || toAcc == nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账户不存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cout << "金额：";
        cin >> amount;
        
        fromAcc->transfer(toAcc, amount);
    }
    
    // 查询账户
    void queryAccount() {
        string accNum;
        cout << "\n===== 查询账户 =====" << endl;
        cout << "账号：";
        cin >> accNum;
        
        Account* acc = findAccount(accNum);
        if (acc == nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账户不存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        acc->display();
    }
    
    // 交易记录
    void showTransactions() {
        string accNum;
        cout << "\n===== 交易记录 =====" << endl;
        cout << "账号：";
        cin >> accNum;
        
        Account* acc = findAccount(accNum);
        if (acc == nullptr) {
            cout << "✗ 账户不存在！" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        acc->showTransactions();
    }
    
    // 显示所有账户
    void displayAll() {
        if (accounts.empty()) {
            cout << "\n暂无账户" << endl;
            return;
        }
        
        cout << "\n===== 所有账户 =====" << endl;
        for (auto acc : accounts) {
            acc->display();
        }
    }
    
private:
    Account* findAccount(string accNum) {
        for (auto acc : accounts) {
            if (acc->getAccountNumber() == accNum) {
                return acc;
            }
        }
        return nullptr;
    }
};

// 显示菜单
void showMenu() {
    cout << "\n╔══════════════════════════╗" << endl;
    cout << "║    银行管理系统          ║" << endl;
    cout << "╠══════════════════════════╣" << endl;
    cout << "║  1. 创建账户             ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  2. 存款                 ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  3. 取款                 ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  4. 转账                 ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  5. 查询账户             ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  6. 交易记录             ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  7. 显示所有账户         ║" << endl;
    cout << "║  0. 退出系统             ║" << endl;
    cout << "╚══════════════════════════╝" << endl;
    cout << "请选择：";
}

int main() {
    BankSystem bank;
    int choice;
    
    while (true) {
        showMenu();
        cin >> choice;
        
        switch (choice) {
            case 1: bank.createAccount(); break;
            case 2: bank.deposit(); break;
            case 3: bank.withdraw(); break;
            case 4: bank.transfer(); break;
            case 5: bank.queryAccount(); break;
            case 6: bank.showTransactions(); break;
            case 7: bank.displayAll(); break;
            case 0:
                cout << "\n感谢使用，再见！" << endl;
                return 0;
            default:
                cout << "无效选择！" << endl;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}